Texas Early Grano Onion Seeds
When should I plant
Texas Early Grano onions are a short-day variety that grows best in regions with mild winters. In warm climates, seeds are typically planted in the fall for a spring harvest. In cooler climates, seeds can be started indoors 10-12 weeks before the last frost and transplanted outdoors in early spring once the soil can be worked. Onions grow best in cool weather during early development and require longer daylight time to form large bulbs.
Site consideration
Onions prefer full sun and loose, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. The ideal soil pH ranges from 6.0 to 6.5. Before planting, loosen the soil to a depth of 8–10 inches and incorporate compost or well-rotted organic matter. Avoid compacted or rocky soils, which can restrict bulb development.
Water
Provide consistent moisture throughout the growing season, especially during bulb formation. Water deeply at the base of the plants, increasing about 1 inch of water per week, and more during hot, dry periods. In the first 4 weeks after planting, water weekly to help establish strong root systems. As the tops begin to yellow and fall over at maturity, stop watering to allow bulbs to cure properly before harvest.
Sunlight
Texas Early Grano onions require full sun, meaning at least 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Adequate sunlight promotes strong leaf growth, which directly supports the development of larger onion bulbs.
Seed Germination
Onion seeds typically germinate in 7–15 days, when soil temperatures are between 55–65°F. Sow seeds about ¼ inch deep and keep the soil consistently moist until seedlings emerge.
Transplant
If starting indoors, transplant seedlings outdoors when they reach 4–6 inches tall. Harden off seedlings for 7 to 10 days before moving them to the garden, gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions. Space plants 4–6 inches apart in rows 12–18 inches apart. Plant seedlings shallowly, ensuring the base of the stem sits just below the soil surface to encourage proper bulb formation.
Other Elements
Fertilization
Onions are heavy feeders that benefit from regular fertilization throughout their growing season . Amend soil generously with compost or well-rotted manure before planting to provide a strong nutritional foundation. Apply a balanced organic fertilizer or compost tea every 2 to 3 weeks throughout the growing season to support continuous growth. If using synthetic fertilizer, a 10-10-10 balanced formula works well. Stop fertilizing once tops begin to yellow and fall over, signaling that bulbs are maturing.
Weed control
Because onions have shallow root systems, it is important to keep the planting area free of weeds. Apply mulch such as straw or shredded leaves to suppress weeds and retain soil moisture. Hand-weeding or shallow cultivation is recommended to avoid disturbing the roots.
Harvest
Texas Early Grano onions are typically ready for harvest 90–110 days after planting. As bulbs mature, the tops will begin to yellow, wither, and fall over. When this occurs, stop watering and loosen the soil around the bulbs to allow them to dry in place. After several days of drying, gently lift the bulbs from the soil.
Seed Storage
The seeds will maintain a high germination percentage if stored under proper conditions. How long your seeds remain viable will depend on the temperature and moisture levels the seeds are exposed to. Seeds which are improperly stored will quickly deteriorate if unprotected against high humidity and dramatic temperature fluctuations day after day.
For best results, keep the seed in our moisture-proof ziplock sealing bags, which provide a better moisture prevention effect. Glass jar or plastic containers with snap-on lids works well too, add a packet of desiccant before sealing into the seed, such as silica gel to remove any moisture remains in the storage container. Seed stored under these conditions will remain viable for as long as years.
Factors Which commonly Cause Poor Results
1. Improper drainage soil
2. Sowing depth more than one inch
3. Covering the seed too deep beneath the soil surface
4. Cover a large area with a small amount of seed.
5. Plant at a wrong time of a year
6. Lack of sunlight
7. Inadequate rainfall after seed germination. The area should not be allowed to become completely dry. Supplemental watering may be required to sustain plant life.
8. Extreme weather conditions: hail, drought, excessive rainfall, floods, unseasonably cold temperatures.